[84][70][12], R1a is virtually composed only of the Z284 subclade in Scandinavia. The Balkans have been subject to 5000 years of migrations from the Eurasian Steppes, each bringing new varieties of R1a. (2015) found the paternal R1a-Z93[17] - the earliest sample of this clade ever found. (2015), a massive migration from the Yamnaya culture northwards took place ca. All sultans of the Ottoman Empire (1299-1922) descend in patrilineal line from Osman I, making it one of the longest reigning Y-chromosomal lineage in history. It includes Germanic clades (L664>S2894>YP285>YP282 and Z283), Iranian ones (Z93) and Jewish ones (CTS6). (2003) have proposed either South or West Asia,[29][note 10] while Mirabal et al. We have 5 sequences from ancient Scythians. The modern inhabitants of the Tarim Basin, the Uyghurs, belong both to this R1b-M73 subclade (about 20%) and to R1a1 (about 30%). Die Aufspaltung der Haplogruppe R in R1 und R2 ist durch einen Fund in Mal’ta am Baikalsee belegt. According to Family Tree, they diversified ca. [99], In Eastern Siberia, R1a1a is found among certain indigenous ethnic groups including Kamchatkans and Chukotkans, and peaking in Itel'man at 22%. Search for: Recent Posts. As announced at the top of this page: This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) article.--Andrew Lancaster 13:18, 2 December 2009 (UTC) Andronovo associated w/ Indo-Iranian. It is unknown when Proto-Turkic first emerged, but its spread started with the Hunnic migrations westward through the Eurasian steppe and all the way to Europe, only stopped by the boundaries of the Roman Empire. 2014)", "The Major Y-Chromosome Haplotype XI – Haplogroup R1a in Eurasia", "How genetics is settling the Aryan migration debate", Kasperaviciūte, Kucinskas & Stoneking 2005, "The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a", "Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe", "Y chromosomal heritage of Croatian population and its island isolates", "Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup I Reveals Distinct Domains of Prehistoric Gene Flow in Europe", "High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of southeastern Europe traces major episodes of paternal gene flow among Slavic populations", "The Genetics of Language and Farming Spread in India", "Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia", "Archaeology, Genetics, and Language in the Steppes: A Comment on Bomhard", "Population Differentiation of Southern Indian Male Lineages Correlates with Agricultural Expansions Predating the Caste System", "Distribution of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups of the Kazakh from the South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, and Almaty Regions", "Two Sources of the Russian Patrilineal Heritage in Their Eurasian Context", "Multiple Origins of Ashkenazi Levites: Y Chromosome Evidence for Both Near Eastern and European Ancestries", "Excavating Past Population Structures by Surname-Based Sampling: The Genetic Legacy of the Vikings in Northwest England", "Ancient DNA Reveals Key Stages in the Formation of Central European Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity", "A Y Chromosome Census of the British Isles", "Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Age", "Afghan Hindu Kush: Where Eurasian Sub-Continent Gene Flows Converge", "Geographical heterogeneity of Y-chromosomal lineages in Norway", "Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome diversity of the Tharus (Nepal): a reservoir of genetic variation", "Ancient Migratory Events in the Middle East: New Clues from the Y-Chromosome Variation of Modern Iranians", "Y-STR Mountains in Haplospace, Part II: Application to Common Polish Clades", "Ancient DNA, Strontium isotopes, and osteological analyses shed light on social and kinship organization of the Later Stone Age", "Afghanistan's ethnic groups share a Y-chromosomal heritage structured by historical events", "Improved phylogenetic resolution and rapid diversification of Y-chromosome haplogroup K-M526 in Southeast Asia", "Significant genetic differentiation between Poland and Germany follows present-day political borders, as revealed by Y-chromosome analysis", American Journal of Physical Anthropology, "The Genetic Heritage of the Earliest Settlers Persists Both in Indian Tribal and Caste Populations", "Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East", "The Dual Origin and Siberian Affinities of Native American Y Chromosomes", "The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to the broader Corded Ware horizon", "Genetic and Cultural Reconstruction of the Migration of an Ancient Lineage", "Y-Chromosome distribution within the geo-linguistic landscape of northwestern Russia", "Genetic structure of nomadic Bedouin from Kuwait", "Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Variation in the Caucasus", "MtDNA and Y-chromosome Variation in Kurdish Groups", "Different genetic components in the Norwegian population revealed by the analysis of mtDNA and Y chromosome polymorphisms", "The Genetic Ancestry of Modern Indus Valley Populations from Northwest India", "Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Europe Is Clinal and Influenced Primarily by Geography, Rather than by Language", "Extensive Farming in Estonia Started through a Sex-Biased Migration from the Steppe", "A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios", "Human Y-Chromosome Variation in the Western Mediterranean Area: Implications for the Peopling of the Region", "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists", "The Indian origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1(*)substantiates the autochthonous origin of Brahmins and the caste system", "A genetic chronology for the Indian Subcontinent points to heavily sex-biased dispersals", "The Western and Eastern Roots of the Saami—the Story of Genetic 'Outliers' Told by Mitochondrial DNA and Y Chromosomes", "The Influence of Natural Barriers in Shaping the Genetic Structure of Maharashtra Populations", "Separating the post-Glacial coancestry of European and Asian Y chromosomes within haplogroup R1a", "Y Chromosomes of 40% Chinese Descend from Three Neolithic Super-Grandfathers", "A Nomenclature System for the Tree of Human Y-Chromosomal Binary Haplogroups", "A Genetic Landscape Reshaped by Recent Events: Y-Chromosomal Insights into Central Asia", "Extended Y chromosome investigation suggests postglacial migrations of modern humans into East Asia via the northern route", "Testing the hypothesis of an ancient Roman soldier origin of the Liqian people in northwest China: a Y-chromosome perspective", "Analysis of Y-chromosome variation in modern populations at the European-Asian border", "The Genetic Legacy of Religious Diversity and Intolerance: Paternal Lineages of Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula", "Y-chromosome and mtDNA polymorphisms in Iraq, a crossroad of the early human dispersal and of post-Neolithic migrations", "Genetic evidence on the origins of Indian caste populations", "Signatures of founder effects, admixture, and selection in the Ashkenazi Jewish population", "Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan", "Isolates in a corridor of migrations: a high-resolution analysis of Y-chromosome variation in Jordan", "Estimating Scandinavian and Gaelic Ancestry in the Male Settlers of Iceland", "New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree", "Gene Pool Differences between Northern and Southern Altaians Inferred from the Data on Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups", "Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian Influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic", "Unravelling migrations in the steppe: mitochondrial DNA sequences from ancient central Asians", "The peopling of modern Bosnia-Herzegovina: Y-chromosome haplogroups in the three main ethnic groups", "High-resolution analysis of Y-chromosomal polymorphisms reveals signatures of population movements from central Asia and West Asia into India", "The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East", "Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in Pakistan", "Y-chromosome lineages trace diffusion of people and languages in southwestern Asia", "Y-STR variation among Slavs: evidence for the Slavic homeland in the middle Dnieper basin", "Genetic affinity among five different population groups in India reflecting a Y-chromosome gene flow", "Genetic affinities among the lower castes and tribal groups of India: inference from Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA", "Armenian Y chromosome haplotypes reveal strong regional structure within a single ethno-national group", "Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration", "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity", "Genetic evidence for different male and female roles during cultural transitions in the British Isles", "Geographical, linguistic, and cultural influences on genetic diversity: Y-chromosomal distribution in Northern European populations", "Presence of three different paternal lineages among North Indians: A study of 560 Y chromosomes", "The effective mutation rate at Y chromosome short tandem repeats, with application to human population-divergence time", "Croatian national reference Y-STR haplotype database", FTDNA R1a Y-chromosome Haplogroup Project, R1a1a1 and Subclades Y-DNA Project – Background, TMRCA = Time to Most Recent Common Ancestor, Danish Demes Regional DNA Project: Y-DNA Haplogroup R1a, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haplogroup_R1a&oldid=1007296904, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016, Articles lacking reliable references from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2021, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with dead external links from July 2020, Articles with dead external links from October 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, As M420 went undetected, M420 lineages were classified as either R1* or R1a (SRY1532.2, also known as SRY10831.2), After 2009, a new layer was inserted covering all old R1a, plus its closest known relatives, R1a1a1b1a2b3* (M417+, Z645+, Z283+, Z282+, Z280+, CTS1211+, CTS3402, Y33+, CTS3318+, Y2613+) (Gwozdz's Cluster K), R1a1a1b2a (F3105/S340/Z94, L342.2/S278.2). So why is it that Indo-European languages only survives in Slavic Russia or in the southern part of Central Asia, in places like Tajikistan, Afghanistan or some parts of Turkmenistan ? (2009) reported 1/51 in Norway, 3/305 in Sweden, 1/57 Greek Macedonians, 1/150 Iranians, 2/734 ethnic Armenians, and 1/141 Kabardians. Nikolay Przhevalsky(1839-1888) : was a Russian geographer and a renowned explorer of Central and East Asia. (In the 2002 scheme, this SRY1532.2 negative minority was one part of the relatively rare group classified as the paragroup R1*.) The origin of Afghans differ from ethnicity to ethnicity, for example, the Hazara are thought to be the descendants of the Genghis Khan and his army who married and assimilated with the local Afghans. Some people have theorized that R1a was one of the lineages of the Neolithic farmers, and would have entered Europe through Anatolia, then spread across the Balkans toward Central Europe, then only to Eastern Europe. [48] In addition to Poland, it is mainly found in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, and is considered "clearly West Slavic." The Sintashta-Petrovka culture, associated with R1a-Z93 and its subclades, was the first Bronze Age advance of the Indo-Europeans west of the Urals, opening the way to the vast plains and deserts of Central Asia to the metal-rich Altai mountains. The genotyped data were supplemented with published data on haplogroup composition and location of other ethnic groups of the Caucasus. The R1b-R1a contingent moved up the Danube to the Panonian plain around 2800 BCE, brought to an end the local Bell Beaker culture (circa 2200 BCE) and Corded Ware culture (c. 2400 BCE) in Central Europe, and set up the Unetice culture (2300-1600 BCE) around Bohemia and eastern Germany.
Carsten Maschmeyer Krankheit,
Einstein Rätsel App,
Brutzeit Vögel Nrw,
Fritzi Malve Voss Ehemann,
10 Alternative Bezeichnungen Für Einen Trinken Gehen,
Karten Zum Ausdrucken Kostenlos,
Exotische Zimmerpflanzen Blühend,
Spielanweisung Bei Streichinstrumenten,
Wie Gut Kennst Du Mich Fragen,